The short answer
It depends on the cause. If a storm, hail or a falling tree damaged your roof and water got in, the leak and the damage inside are usually covered.
If the roof simply wore out, or a small leak was ignored for months, carriers usually treat it as a maintenance issue. Review your policy or talk with your agent about your exact terms.
Sudden damage vs. gradual wear
Homeowners insurance is built for sudden, accidental losses. Adjusters look for signs of a specific event, such as missing shingles after a windstorm, or for signs of long-term wear, like curling shingles, rusted flashing or old water stains.
Keeping records of roof inspections and repairs can help show that you maintained the roof. Photos of the roof taken each spring or after a big storm give you a simple before-and-after record if you ever need to file.
What may be covered
- Repairs to the roof when a covered event damaged it
- Water damage to ceilings, walls, insulation and floors from that event
- Belongings ruined by the leak
- Temporary repairs, like tarping, to prevent more damage
What often isn't covered
- Leaks from aging shingles or worn flashing
- Damage from clogged gutters or skipped maintenance
- Mold from a leak that went unrepaired
- The full roof value on policies that pay older roofs at actual cash value
Ice dams and wind-driven rain
In cold climates, ice dams can push water under shingles. Many policies cover the resulting interior water damage, though the cost of removing the ice itself may not be included.
Rain blown in through a gap usually needs an opening created by a covered event, like wind tearing off shingles, to be covered. Wording varies, so check your policy. If you live where ice dams are common, extra attic insulation and ventilation can help prevent them in the first place.
When water comes through the ceiling
- Move belongings and put down buckets and towels
- Photograph the ceiling, the attic and the roof if it is safe to look
- Have a roofer tarp the damaged area
- Call your carrier promptly to report the claim
- Get a roofer's written assessment of the cause and cost
